Skin Science Glossary
Understanding beauty product science terms is essential for making informed choices in skincare. Here are some key terms that will explain the science behind beauty products.
By familiarizing yourself, you can better navigate the world of skincare, making choices that align with your unique skincare needs and preferences, which empowers you to achieve your skincare goals with confidence.
Active Ingredients
These are the components in a formula that provide specific benefits to the skin, such as anti-aging, hydrating, or regenerative effects.
Antioxidants
Antioxidants are powerful compounds that counteract free radicals—unstable molecules in our skin responsible for damage and the acceleration of aging. Ingredients such as vitamin E, Rosehip oil, and pomegranate seeds oil are celebrated for their antioxidant properties.
Anti-inflammatory
Anti-inflammatory refers to substances or processes that help reduce inflammation, which can show up on the skin as redness and irritation. In essence, anti-inflammatory properties are essential for maintaining skin health, promoting calmness, and reducing discomfort, ultimately leading to a more radiant and balanced complexion.
Bioavailable
Bioavailable ingredients are typically naturally found on our skin or mimic the components of the skin and they are able to penetrate on a deeper cellular level. These ingredients penetrate effectively, delivering their beneficial properties directly where they are needed, enhancing the overall efficacy of the product.
Ceramides
Ceramides are a type of lipid, or fat found in the skin that plays a crucial role in maintaining the skin's barrier function. They are commonly present in large amounts in skin cell membranes, forming a key part of the outer layer of the skin. Think of ceramides as the glue that binds skin cells together, reinforcing the barrier. They help to retain moisture, protect against environmental stressors, and enhance the overall integrity of the skin barrier.
Collagen
Collagen is a natural protein found in the skin, essential for maintaining its elasticity, firmness, and overall healthy appearance. In skincare, collagen helps to hydrate and plump the skin, reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, while also promoting a smoother, more resilient complexion.
Comedogenic
This term refers to an ingredient's potential to clog pores. Non-comedogenic products are formulated to avoid this issue, making them suitable for acne-prone skin.
Emollients
Emollients are substances that soften and smooth the skin. They work by filling in gaps between skin cells, creating a barrier that prevents moisture loss. Ingredients like tallow and botanical oils (jojoba or olive oil) often serve this purpose.
Exfoliation
Exfoliation refers to the process of removing dead skin cells from the surface of the skin. This can be done using physical methods such as gentle scrubs or chemical methods with ingredients such as AHAs and BHAs.
Fatty Acids
In simple terms, fatty acids are essential building blocks for healthy skin. They help with moisture retention, skin barrier function, and overall skin health. In skincare products, they can help to hydrate, soothe, and protect the skin. Fatty acids are vital building blocks of our skin's natural barrier, contributing to its overall health and resilience.
Fatty acids are key for ceramide synthesis, which are essential for keeping skin hydrated and protecting the skin barrier. They enhance the skin's glow and help repair damage, making them crucial for effective skincare routines.
Formulation Types
Skincare products come in various formulas, including creams, lotions, serums, and gels. Each type has a unique consistency and absorption capability, catering to different skin types and concerns.
Humectant
A humectant is a substance that attracts moisture from the environment and helps retain it in the skin. Commonly used in skincare products, humectants draw water into the outermost layer of the skin, promoting hydration and improving overall skin texture. They are essential for maintaining skin elasticity and suppleness, making them a vital ingredient in effective moisturizing formulations.
Hyaluronic Acid (HA)
Hyaluronic acid is a natural substance and excels at retaining moisture. As we age, levels diminish, causing dryness and fine lines. Incorporating it into your skincare routine restores moisture, improves elasticity, and promotes a radiant complexion.
Hydration vs. Moisturization
Hydration refers to the water content of the skin, while moisturization involves trapping that water to keep the skin soft and supple. Hydrating products often contain humectants like glycerin or aloe vera, whereas moisturizers typically include occlusive agents such as tallow.
Occlusive
An occlusive is a type of ingredient commonly used in skincare that creates a barrier on the surface of the skin. This barrier can prevent water loss sealing moisture in and enhancing hydration levels. Occlusives are particularly beneficial for individuals with dry or dehydrated skin, as they help to lock in essential moisture and create a protective shield against external aggressors.
Skin Barrier
This refers to the outer most layer of skin, which acts as a protective barrier between our body and the environment. The skin barrier, primarily composed of lipids and proteins, serves as the first line of defense against environmental aggressors, pathogens, and moisture loss. When the skin barrier is damaged, several issues can arise causing frustration. Protecting the skin barrier is essential for overall skin health. When compromised, a multi-faceted approach to restoration is necessary, focusing on quality ingredients and gentle methods for optimal recovery.
